Will we ever have battery-free mobiles on Smartphones and Blackberry?

Mobile phones may be getting smarter, faster and more capable, but when their batteries run out just hours after you charged them, you'd be better off with a piece of string stretched between two empty soup cans.

With battery performance becoming an obsession for many smartphone users, the race is on to innovate ways of prolonging power to ensure that juice-guzzling devices can stay the course.

The good news is that scientists say that they are on track to create power cells that may rarely need charging -- or even phones that have no need for batteries. The bad news is that these may be several years away.

Until they arrive, phone and gadget companies are scrambling for solutions to the problem which, in the absence of major technology announcements, was one of the key talking points at the planet's leading mobile technology showcase this week in Barcelona.

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"Power supply is the giant elephant in the room here," says CNN's Dylan Reynolds, who has been struggling to keep his own handsets alive while tweeting and reporting from the 2013 Mobile World Congress. "Phones get more hungry as they get more powerful, but my own experience tells me that battery life isn't keeping up.

"Everywhere I go at Mobile World Congress I hear people complaining that their phone just died, or is about to die. I've started carrying a large and heavy external battery to make sure my phones make it through the working day."

The problem has prompted the event's organizers to deploy charging points around the huge venue. It also led to manufacturer Nokia causing an unlikely sensation by announcing a no-frills retro phone capable of lasting a month between charges.

"But that's just treating the symptom and no-one seems have a solution to the underlying problem," Reynolds adds. "I think that's why Nokia's phone grabbed so much attention. It also underlines the trade-off between the sophistication of your phone, and battery life."

Malik Saadi, principal analyst at Informa Telecoms & Media, says the industry is "coping rather than solving the problem," and says there is no breakthrough on the horizon.

"We are still seeing the same battery cell technology that we saw back in 2003," he said. "Typically we expect one day usage from a fully-charged battery.

"Although the architecture within the batteries has changed, and the number of cells within the battery has increased, the actual technology is the same.

"We need a revolutionary or new type of battery, for example fuel cells, but unfortunately those technologies have not been able to make it to the marketplace because they are expensive, and they're also too big to fit into the phone."

And so he said the industry was relying on the consumer to adapt their behavior. "Consumers are adapting. They know they can't do anything about it, so they're learning ways to cope."

One current coping mechanism is solar power. Phones fitted with solar back panels have been around for some time but most are barely capable of keeping the phone on standby.

This year's MWC saw French firm Wysips unveil what it said was the world's first viable solar touch screen. The transparent photovoltaic film can be installed on most smartphones to generate power while still allowing users to operate their device.

Wysips says its 0.5 millimeter-thick screen can be plugged directly to the phone's power inlet to provide an extra four minutes of battery life for every 10 minutes it is exposed to direct sunlight. It can also charge from artificial illumination.

While this will merely assist in stretching phone life, the company says it is working on more efficient models which could one day be fitted as standard to mobiles and perhaps virtually eliminate dependence on mains electricity.

With the increasing popularity of cable-free charging pads that allow devices to soak up juice from a mat (or even a pillow), the Wireless Power Consortium is lobbying to standardize such systems so that any phone can access any charger.

Current charging pads are generally dedicated to one product or brand, but if these become generic then they could be integrated into a broad array of surfaces in public spaces, offices, restaurants, bars or cafes.

Despite Saadi's gloomy outlook, potential answers to the battery problem are beginning to take shape in laboratories.

Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology are developing new long-lasting power cells that they say will be capable of charging to full power in a matter of seconds.

Using nanotechnology, MIT's Professor Joel E. Schindall has laid the groundwork for what he calls a "synthetic battery," a power cell that, instead of the chemical reactions used in standard units, stores charge in a forest of tiny carbon "nanotubes."

Elsewhere, some innovators are experimenting with devices that draw power from the human body's kinetic energy. Such technology is already used to power watches, but scaling this up to the level required by smartphones is difficult.

But one team from the Georgia Institute of Technology have created a new technique that uses bodily movement, such as footfalls, to generate static electricity that can then be harnessed in quantities that could viably charge larger devices.

Such solutions are clearly some way off commercial development, but with Apple rumored to be designing its hotly-anticipated iWatch around a power source based on kinetic and solar power, a battery-free world isn't such a distant dream.