He drugged the woman using strawberries laced with Rohypnol in her Stockholm home, after which he raped her and drove nearly 350miles to a property outside Kristianstad, south Sweden.
The 38-year-old is accused of keeping her locked up, raping and sexually abusing her for a week, but prosecutors believe he intended to keep her in the dungeon-like bunker for "several years".
The pair had met once before when the 38-year-old doctor visited the woman in her flat in central Stockholm on September 12.
He is accused of drugging the woman with juice and chocolate-dipped strawberries, marking which of the berries he had laced with Rohypnol by drawing on the stem leaves.
He drove from Stockholm to his home, a large property outside Kristianstad, some 345 miles south of Stockholm, during which time he also injected her with a soporific to keep her sedated.
Prosecutors say he had brought two rubber masks of an old woman and a man with a beard to use as disguises during the car journey, which police later found in his bedroom.
Upon arrival at the property he locked the woman in the prison-like bunker where he repeatedly raped her during six days in captivity.
The concrete-enforced walls are 12.5 inches thick and the bunker has a bedroom, functioning toilet and a fully fitted kitchen, Swedish police reports.
The bunker even has a small, covered courtyard, where the person living in the bunker would be able to go outside without being seen by neighbours.
He also withdrew blood and took vaginal samples from the woman which he tested at a lab in his place of work, later confessing that he did this to ensure she did not have any STDs.
According to a police report seen by Swedish media, the woman was bound or cuffed for a majority of her time in captivity, including when the doctor raped her.
After a few days the doctor drove back to the woman's home in Stockholm to bring her some personal possessions, only to discover that she had been reported missing and police had broken into her flat.
The doctor is believed to have panicked, and brought the woman to Stockholm where they visited a police station together on September 18.
The woman then told police the full story of her horrific ordeal, after which the man was arrested.
"We believe his intention has been to keep the woman locked up for several years," chief prosecutor Peter Claeson said in a statement.
"We also suspect him of planning this for years. Among other things, he has built the bunker to bring one or more victims."
Friends of the doctor who have spoken to Swedish media have expressed their shock and surprise at the news.
"In the beginning, when this got out, you kind of thought that 'maybe it's not so serious, maybe it's blown out of proportion', but now that he's been charged its become clear how f***ing sick this is. It's like a film," a close friend of the doctor told Kristianstadsbladet.
The friend describes the 38-year-old as socially awkward but helpful and polite, but adds that he is "almost too sharp, intellectually, for his own good".
"The more I read about this the more confused I get. He's not the kind of person you look at and think 'he'll lock up and abuse a woman'."
